History of Operating Systes

It has been long recognized that the modern computer is an integrated system consisting of machine hardware, an instruction set, system software, application programs, and user interface. The use of a computer is driven by real-life problems demanding fast and accurate solutions. Depending on the nature of the problems, the solutions may require different computing resources.

An operating System (OS) may be viewed as an organized collection of software extensions of hardware, consisting of controls for operating a computer and for providing an environment for execution of programs. Programs usually invoke services of the operating system directory by means operating -system commends.
Thus, we can say that the operating system acts as an interface between users and the hardware of computer system.

Internally, an operating system acts as a manager of resources of the computer system, such as processors, memory, files and I/O devices. The OS keeps track of each resource, and decides who gets a resource, for how blond, and when, and is so doing attempts to optimize the resulting performance.
The primary objective of the operating system is to increase productivity of a processing resource, such as computer hardware or computer system user system the emphasis is on making the computer system easier to use by providing a graphical and hopefully more intuitively obvious user interface.