HTML
By HTML you can create your own Web site.
This note teaches you everything about HTML.
HTML is easy to learn - You will enjoy it.
This HTML tutorial contains more than 100 HTML examples.
With our HTML editor, you can edit the HTML,
and click on a button to view the result.
What is HTML?
HTML is a language for describing web pages.
• HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language
• HTML is not a programming language, it is a markup language
• A markup language is a set of markup tags
• HTML uses markup tags to describe web pages
HTML Tags
HTML markup tags are usually called HTML tags
• HTML tags are keywords surrounded by angle brackets like
• HTML tags normally come in pairs like and
• The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag
• Start and end tags are also called opening tags and closing tags.
HTML Documents = Web Pages
• HTML documents describe web pages
• HTML documents contain HTML tags and plain text
• HTML documents are also called web pages
Showing posts with label The Internet fundamental. Show all posts
Showing posts with label The Internet fundamental. Show all posts
Thursday, April 29, 2010
Saturday, March 6, 2010
Using Search Engine for Search
You can use the carious options provided by a search engine to search for relevant and specific information quickly. For Example, Google provides options, such as Images, Catalogs, Groups, and Directory searches to search for specific information effectively.
Yahoo is also providing many types of search options.
Search Indexes
Search engine are programs that enable you to search for information using indexes. The indexed information can be retrieved quickly. This is similar to using the index of a book to locate the page number corresponding to a particular topic in the book.
There are three types of indexes:
1)Static Index:
Is specific to a website and updated less frequently as compared to the other types if indexes. It also known as a site map on a website. A static index allows users to manually search information through the directories of the indexed information.
2)Keyword Index :
Is based on the keywords of the Web Page. A keyword index allows users to enter any text string to be searched. This text string is then compared with the keywords maintained by the search engine for the Web page. If the keywords correspond to the searched string, the relevant indexed information is retrieved for the users.
3)Full-Text Index:
Contains information about each word of every Web page. A full-text index allows users to enter any phase to be searched. The phrase is then compared with the exact words on the Web page. If the words correspond to the searched string, the relevant indexed information is retrieved for the users.
Earlier versions of search engine would return search result only for Web pages in the HTML format. All the major present-day search engines, such as Google and alta vista, support various file formats, such as PDF, PowerPoint, Spreadsheet, and Flash for searching. The common file formats supported by search engines are:
1)Adobe Portable Document Format (.pdf)
2)Microsoft Excel PowerPoint (.ppt)
3)Microsoft Excel (.xls)
4)Adobe PostScript (.ps)
5)Microsoft Word (.doc)
How to Work Search Engine
Search engine
use programs that gather Web pages that are relevant to the keyboard specified in the Search text box. These programs are called spiders or crawlers. Spider programs visit a Web page, red the information present on the Web page, interpret the keyboards on the Web page, and follow the link connected to the Web page.
The information in the central search database is indexed. Landing refers to the process of examining the contents and determining the relevance of the information contained on the Web page. The different components of a Web page that are searched to create indexes include the contents of the title and the keyboard, titles of the links, and the text inside the account.
After the Web page is analyzed for its contents, it is ranked in relation to the other Web pages that contain information on similar subjects. The algorithm to rant Web pages differs from one search engine to another.
When end user submit the keyboard or combination of keyboards to the search engine, the information is searched in the central search database and the results are returned to the end users.
Former Search Engine Tools
A variety of text-based search tools were used to archive, locate, and download files and resources from the Internet. Some of these tools includes Gopher, Archie, and Veronica.
Gopher :
Gopher was a text-based document-retrieval Internet application that used to browse and search for information on Internet servers. The application was developed at the University of Minnesota and named after the school’s mascot, the Golden Gopher. A gopher server display the documents stored in its database in a hierarchical structure Gopher severs are not functional anymore. The contents in the Gopher database have been converted into websites that can be easily accessed through the current search engines.
Archive
Archive was an Internet application that conducted searches for the files available at client or a Telnet client to search for files. After the results were presented, the files could be downloaded through an FTP client. Most Archie servers are no longer functional.
Veronica
Veronica is an acronym for Very Easy Rodent Oriented Net-wide Index of Computerized Archives. This search utility was developed at the University of Nevada. It was used to find information on gopher servers. Veronica allowed users to enter keyboards to search the gopher site for files, directories, and other resources.
Introduction of Search Engines
Search engines
are websites that allow users to search information on the basis of keywords or a combination of keywords. For example: If I want music related information than, I will search music as a key word.
A search engine takes the keyword to be searched as the search string and returns the URLs of the websites that contain information on the object specified. This is similar to a librarian who guides you towards a particular section of books for reference after you specify the topic that you are looking for.
Thus, search engine are the key for locating information on the ever-expanding Internet. Without the use of search engines, locating information on a specific topic would be time consuming and cumbersome because one would not be able to gather information from all the possible sources available on the Internet.
Most popular search engine are:
1)http://www.google.com Google
2)http://www.lycos.com Lycos
3)http://www.yahoo.com Yahoo
4)http://www.hotbot.com HotBot
5)http://www.altavista.com Alta Vista
Thursday, March 4, 2010
Primary Services of Internet
Primary Services of Interne
The power and potential of the Internet is unlimited. During the past few years the Internet has grown at an exponential rate, thus providing netizens with many services. A few a of them:
1.Email
2.File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
3.Finger Service
4.Games
5.Mailing List
6.Remote Login
7.Bulletin Board System(BBS)
8.World Wide Web (WWW)
9.Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
10.Electronic Magazines.
Use of the Internet
1)Employment Opportunities:
The Internet opens up a web of employment opportunities. As e-commerce is making rapid strides in India, and more and more companies are logging on to the Internet, many career opportunities have been created like that of web administrator, web designer, web developer, web page hosting administrator, web designer, web developer, web page hosting, e-commerce, and consultation groups.
2)Great Speed and Good Information Flow:
An MCA students was looking for job opportunities in IT companies. By 12 p.m., she had identified five interesting jobs to which she e-mailled her resume and faxed some additional information which information required in company. Within three house, she received from three companies information regarding personal interview. Had conventional methods been used, the entire process would have taken a few days to a few weeks.
3)Entertainment:
The internet provides a wide of entertainment like, movies, music, and games. In fact, there are certain screen savers that provide good quality music so much that you going to the website www.screen.com). Another websites www.google.com provides you lats of information about entertainment.
4)Business by Internet:
E-commerce is the killing application of the Internet, where all sorts of business function like ordering of items, making quotations, payment of bills, exchange of business document take place. The place the only thing that is not possible on the Internet is the actual supply of goods apart from documents and software.
5)Good Communication:
Communication is the keyword today. In fact, due to this capability the word seems to get smaller all the time. Letters, telegrams, faxes are all one way communication but the Internet offers a huge variety in the types of information exchange, namely interactive, off-line, one-to-one communication, one to many communication, and so on.
6)Reduction of Uncertainty:
Faster access to information brings the latest technique and technologies at your doorstep thus increasing productivity. Uncertainty in mailing addresses, etc., have diminished as an organizational or a residential address may change but the person can still be connected as his e-mail; identity remains the same Of course, if the e-mail address is abandoned, then tracing a person would be next to impossible.
The Internet opens up a web of employment opportunities. As e-commerce is making rapid strides in India, and more and more companies are logging on to the Internet, many career opportunities have been created like that of web administrator, web designer, web developer, web page hosting administrator, web designer, web developer, web page hosting, e-commerce, and consultation groups.
2)Great Speed and Good Information Flow:
An MCA students was looking for job opportunities in IT companies. By 12 p.m., she had identified five interesting jobs to which she e-mailled her resume and faxed some additional information which information required in company. Within three house, she received from three companies information regarding personal interview. Had conventional methods been used, the entire process would have taken a few days to a few weeks.
3)Entertainment:
The internet provides a wide of entertainment like, movies, music, and games. In fact, there are certain screen savers that provide good quality music so much that you going to the website www.screen.com). Another websites www.google.com provides you lats of information about entertainment.
4)Business by Internet:
E-commerce is the killing application of the Internet, where all sorts of business function like ordering of items, making quotations, payment of bills, exchange of business document take place. The place the only thing that is not possible on the Internet is the actual supply of goods apart from documents and software.
5)Good Communication:
Communication is the keyword today. In fact, due to this capability the word seems to get smaller all the time. Letters, telegrams, faxes are all one way communication but the Internet offers a huge variety in the types of information exchange, namely interactive, off-line, one-to-one communication, one to many communication, and so on.
6)Reduction of Uncertainty:
Faster access to information brings the latest technique and technologies at your doorstep thus increasing productivity. Uncertainty in mailing addresses, etc., have diminished as an organizational or a residential address may change but the person can still be connected as his e-mail; identity remains the same Of course, if the e-mail address is abandoned, then tracing a person would be next to impossible.
Administration and Ownership of Internet
One think is certain nobody owns the Internet, nobody funds it. In fact, every person who gets connected to the Internet becomes a part of the Internet family. The Internet is not administered by any center body.
Many committees are working in teams to constantly maintain the internet and promote communication on the Internet. It appoints the Internet Arch Board which authorizes standards and allocates and keeps a record of Internet resources (like IP addresses). Internet Engineering is another voluntary group which handles technical problems. Coordination function of domain names to help cover administrative costs.
Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) Jooks after security matters. There are many more voluntary bodies and the underlying concept of communication on the internet is that the local area networks are interconnected regionally. These regional networks are connected to a backbone.
These backbones are interconnected to each other at gateways. Gateways basically translate data from one kind of network to another.
Many committees are working in teams to constantly maintain the internet and promote communication on the Internet. It appoints the Internet Arch Board which authorizes standards and allocates and keeps a record of Internet resources (like IP addresses). Internet Engineering is another voluntary group which handles technical problems. Coordination function of domain names to help cover administrative costs.
Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) Jooks after security matters. There are many more voluntary bodies and the underlying concept of communication on the internet is that the local area networks are interconnected regionally. These regional networks are connected to a backbone.
These backbones are interconnected to each other at gateways. Gateways basically translate data from one kind of network to another.
Definition of Internet
Introduction :
In 1970s the Defence Department of USA set up a network called ARPANETT(Advance Research Project Agency Network). The main objective was to provide aid to military research results, scientific teams at Defence In order to share information and research results, scientific teams at Defence Ministry of US and a few selected universities and research laboratories collaborated.
Slowly word spread about the advantage of collaborative work and more research teams and equipment manufactures started forming network teams. As the networks started growing, never protocols like TCP/IP protocol (a set of protocols that help in communication over the Internet)
Evolved in which communication could take place between machine of different configuration and types>
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